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Populism is reshaping our world

https://ift.tt/2BKR3qT is reshaping our world

[00:00:15:01] December 2016. Italy's populist opposition is shaking up the establishment.

[00:00:39:08] They're days away from a referendum that could spell the end for the Italian government and make it the latest domino in the toppling international order. Around the world, populist leaders are connecting with voters, fed up with politics as usual and exploiting anger at an establishment out of touch with ordinary people. [00:01:00:00] But giving voice to people's frustrations is one thing. Offering them real answers is quite another.

[00:01:24:23] Jeff Siegel grew up in New York, but moved to Italy 40 years ago. I mean, our identity is upcoming on Danny Domanick.

[00:01:33:01] I mean, today it's kind of think. He's trying to drum up support ahead of the referendum if it damages the Commonwealth and Dominican votes electronically. No, no, no, no, no, no. Family, nothing. You know, you read the book.

[00:01:50:03] But let's not give him the. Quite still, a problem is here, the people who will abstain. They won't even go and vote and nullify [00:02:00:00] the vote again. They just won't show up. They say they don't trust politicians anymore. Thank you. Dishonest politician.

[00:02:06:15] This is what you've done to your dramatic. Like millions of Italian voters, Jeff has turned his back on mainstream political parties. He now campaigns for the populist five star movement. It sought to build a following less through policies and more by challenging everything about Italy's political class.

[00:02:27:08] No, never. What was it the devotees of he said she was then. Oh, boy. Yeah.

[00:02:37:05] We want to make Italy a better place to live and work.

[00:02:40:19] But the way things are set up now, it's not destructive where we're victims. I think every Italian citizen is a victim. Several. Crooked politicians.

[00:02:54:18] Five stars, anti-establishment message is resonating with voters. It is now [00:03:00:00] Italy's biggest opposition party. The country has been crippled by recession and stagnating wages with rates of inequality among the highest in Europe.

[00:03:11:14] Many people feel left behind by globalization and let down by political leaders. Now, the populist sense, there may be an opportunity to bring those leaders down. A referendum on constitutional reform has become a vote of confidence in the ruling elite.

[00:03:36:01] Prime Minister Matteo Renzi has said he will resign if the country votes no see no said.

[00:03:43:19] They say they say he does.

[00:03:50:11] He's the latest mainstream politician to find himself in the firing line.

[00:04:03:12] Tonight, [00:04:00:00] thousands of five star supporters are gathering at a rally in Turin. Some are starting to ask what they might do with success.

[00:04:12:05] People want to hear what we have to say. You can't just be in the opposition. You have to do positive things, things that we say we want to do for the people, for the citizens to change things. And you have to do it.

[00:04:26:13] Steadily for shovel.

[00:04:29:04] No, no, no. Virginia Raji is one of the first leaders of five star to win power as the new mayor of Rome. She's already under pressure to offer actual solutions, finding a bit noisy.

[00:04:42:05] I'm obedient, non, non, non noisy. I'm more beating up on Tagore's is 39. So Cielo, you project you go crazy. But I add that if you love what I live in, Sawney, see what's been your biggest yanguas has been e-business Yelinek. Jerry. No, I believe Samwell.

[00:05:00:15] But [00:05:00:00] Raji is just the warm up act. There's one man that everyone has turned out to see. Five stars, leader and showman. They pay griller, a former stand up comedian, Grillo knows the buttons to press, but he's appeal to people's emotions that has helped turn Five Star into a real force.

[00:05:25:03] The team name all depends on safety. Was he on the subway cars are pretty much gone through some center. We know we say we are not alone.

[00:05:40:12] Beppe Grillo has vowed to get rid of political parties, but he certainly knows how to start one.

[00:05:54:23] Grillo success has come through impassioned charges against the corrupt elites [00:06:00:00] and global forces he blames for Italy's woes. But five stars leaders may soon have a harder note to him.

[00:06:10:05] The question of how they would tackle unemployment and inequality.

[00:06:18:14] Two days after the rally, Italians overwhelmingly voted no in the referendum. Prime Minister Renzi made good on his promise to stand down. It's another victory for populism, as across the world.

[00:06:32:23] Charismatic leaders defy expectations. They're finding success, selling deceptively simple answers to difficult questions.

[00:06:42:04] Our country is going to start building and making things again.

[00:06:51:09] Again, America first, they almost always blame the failings of free trade and mass migration for rising [00:07:00:00] inequality.

[00:07:02:07] But is this the right target?

[00:07:12:20] Few cities are immune to the uneven impact of globalization. And here in San Francisco, there's another more conspicuous driver of change. It's not just trade that's transforming the global economic order. It's technology. The latest venture from a San Francisco startup has the potential to turn one of America's most iconic industries on its head.

[00:07:40:09] Last year, Booba paid 680 million dollars for Otto, a company whose technology could fundamentally change trucking forever.

[00:07:51:05] It allows a truck to drive down a highway with nobody at the wheel. The company claims it could save the industry [00:08:00:00] billions of dollars a year, reduce emissions by a third and eliminate the driver errors that cause up to 87 percent of truck crashes.

[00:08:11:02] But this bright sounding future has a dark side.

[00:08:21:13] A series of studies have found technology, not globalization, to be the biggest driver of inequality in developed countries. There are three and a half million people employed in trucking in an area. And with their industry seemingly the next in line for automation, many face an uncertain future. Robert Calista has driven trucks since the 1980s. Both his parents were truck drivers before him.

[00:08:55:08] This job has said, my family has kept a roof over my family the whole time [00:09:00:00] I've drove.

[00:09:01:20] It's my whole lot home. This is Peter Belt, and he was named after a truck called Peter Welch.

[00:09:13:19] You look at California, they're chastened, so many of us companies out here, not just trucking companies.

[00:09:21:15] Manufacturing companies, small business people. They're running us out of the state. You know, I deliver in Silicone Valley to several of the big computer companies. They're just more educated. They're there for themselves. They want the money. They don't want us to. I voted for Trump because I wanted to change basically telling the country, well. California, New York, we're sorry, but you don't control the country.

[00:10:10:10] Populist [00:10:00:00] leaders have been able to capitalize on a growing sense of them and art as inequality grows in Western democracies.

[00:10:20:06] Wealthy California has become one of the most economically unequal states in America. As technology has displaced many lower skilled jobs.

[00:10:34:00] Russell Handcock runs a think tank in Silicon Valley sponsored by some of the state's biggest tech companies in recent years.

[00:10:43:11] Something has changed. Silicon Valley companies used to be heroes, superheroes. Even now, they're being cast as villains in this story. Silicon Valley is starting to be tainted with the same kind of paint that's been painted on Wall Street, for example. People [00:11:00:00] are wondering why Silicon Valley's companies are doing more to address poverty and to address the income inequality in our region.

[00:11:13:11] An alienated public turned on the establishment because it failed to provide answers as some tech giants become as powerful as that establishment. It's a lesson they're starting to learn. So they're going back to school. If technological change is part of the problem, the people behind it are asking how they can offer solutions.

[00:11:40:23] You've probably heard about self-driving cars because he live in San Francisco. There are already people building self-driving trucks, which means three million truck drivers is going to be out of work.

[00:11:52:02] Hadi Partovi is the CEO of Code dot org. Backed by some of Silicon Valley's biggest firms, he campaigns for children [00:12:00:00] to be taught computer science in schools.

[00:12:03:15] Truck driving is just one example of types of work. They're going to get replaced by computers and software.

[00:12:14:00] We've all learned in the last few months whether it's Americans with the election or whether it's in the U.K. with the Brexit or really worldwide, there's really an angst about opportunity. People around the world want opportunity. They want the idea that if you work hard, the system will reward you. So the real question is, how do we bring opportunity back? If you think about our education system at all ages, we're not preparing today's kids for the jobs of the future are going to be. We're not even in a situation to prepare today's adults for the jobs of the future. Technology is changing all around us. So as adults, we need to be lifelong learners. It's something I can start in high school or even in elementary or middle school, continue through university. And then the hardest part is setting up programs to retrain today's adults [00:13:00:00] as they find that they want to get into a better job or if they lose their job due to automation, it will need help from governments and business to ensure retraining isn't an option reserved for those with the time and resources.

[00:13:13:10] Technology itself can help, too. Sebastian Thrun used to be in charge of Google's self-driving car project. Now he runs an education company offering quick training programs online.

[00:13:26:06] On the past, one indication of a sufficient for your lifetime and your first job usually was your last job. Today, a typical dropped in a handful of states is less than five years technology. On top of it is moving faster than ever before. So but every indication you have is outdated faster. And to make matters worse. We live longer. But we should provide for the people in the world is an indication that keeps him current so they can be employable.

[00:13:55:06] An ongoing online education could be one way to start relieving the pressure [00:14:00:00] on people who today feel left behind because in the long run, technology has the potential to create more jobs than it destroys.

[00:14:08:20] We had about 300 years of crazy technology development already that transformed jobs. Some people fear change Alvar's. The change spells uncertainty. What's my job gonna look like? It's my personal job being secure in the future. I would love to engrave in people's brain a positive attitude because it's always gotten better in the past.

[00:14:34:16] Far too many people in Western democracies. Progress is still something that happens to other people. Wealth does not spread itself. An underclass appears beyond help, finding a way to reconnect with them and provide an alternative to populism. We'll be at the top of the agenda for the political and business leaders of tomorrow.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekc5EAPPPgk&list=PL0KWoY2XZKw6Mj21SBUNnez2iZCzJQfG0&index=1

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